Fine and coarse root parameters from mature black spruce displaying genetic soil moisture interaction in growth

نویسندگان

  • John E. Major
  • Kurt H. Johnsen
  • Debby C. Barsi
  • Moira Campbell
چکیده

Fine and coarse root biomass, C, and N mass parameters were assessed by root size and soil depths from soil cores in plots of 32-year-old black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.) from four full-sib families studied previously for drought tolerance and differential productivity on a dry and wet site. All fine and coarse root size categories had greater root biomass on the dry than on the wet site. Most of the site differences resided in 0–20 cm soil depth. The wet site had greater root N concentration than the dry site, despite the same soil N; thus, virtually no differences were observed in total fine and coarse root N mass between sites. Root N concentration declined with increases in both soil depth and root size. Fine roots ( 2 mm) accounted for 73% and 38% of the total fine and coarse N and C mass, respectively. The dry site had lower needle mass and more fine root mass than the wet site, demonstrating an adaptation to moisture stress change through the rebalancing of resource-obtaining organs. Drought-tolerant families had the same quantity of fine roots as drought-intolerant families but were able to support more foliage and aboveground mass per unit fine root mass than intolerant families. Résumé : La biomasse des racines fines et celle des grosses racines, ainsi que les paramètres de masse du C et du N, ont été évalués en fonction de la dimension des racines et de la profondeur dans le sol à partir de carottes de sol prélevées dans des places échantillons où croissent des épinettes noires (Picea mariana (Mill.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.). Les arbres étaient âgés de 32 ans et représentaient quatre descendances biparentales étudiées précédemment pour leur tolérance à la sécheresse et leurs différences de productivité selon qu’ils croissaient dans une station sèche ou humide. La plupart des différences entre les stations ont été observées dans les premiers 20 cm de sol. La concentration de N dans les racines était plus élevée dans la station humide même si la concentration de N dans le sol était la même dans les deux stations. Par conséquent, pratiquement aucune différence entre les stations n’a été observée dans la masse totale de N de l’ensemble des racines. La concentration de N dans les racines diminuait avec l’augmentation de la profondeur dans le sol et la dimension des racines. Les racines fines représentaient respectivement 73% et 38% de la masse totale de N et C dans l’ensemble des racines. La masse d’aiguilles était plus faible et la masse de racines fines plus élevée dans la station sèche que dans la station humide, ce qui implique une adaptation au changement de stress hydrique via le rééquilibrage des organes qui consomment des ressources. Les descendances tolérantes à la sécheresse avaient la même quantité de racines fines que les descendances intolérantes mais elles pouvaient supporter plus de feuillage et de masse aérienne par unité de masse de racines fines que les descendances intolérantes. [Traduit par la Rédaction]

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تاریخ انتشار 2012